Can chromatography separate drugs from blood? The answer is yes! Chromatography has been used to help find antibodies that fight the Ebola virus and is a vital part of ongoing research. In the recent study of the experimental immunisation Zmapp, chromatography was instrumental. Although there are no effective drugs against Ebola yet, chromatography will likely remain a crucial part of ongoing research.
GC chromatography
Gas chromatography (GC) is an analytical technique that uses the properties of molecules to separate different substances from a mixture. The process works by placing a mixture of chemicals in a column. These chemicals travel at varying speeds, depending on their mass and shape. The length of time each substance spends in the column depends on the interactions between the substance and the columns surfaces. A GC column is highly selective and is often used for forensics.
The detection of a substance in GC is based on the size of its spectral peak. Each substance reacts differently with each detector, and the size of the peak varies. Hence, the analytical results obtained using one detector will be different from those obtained by a different method. This means that no one method of separation will provide reliable results if they are compared to a tabulated experimental data.
Thin layer chromatography
Thin layer chromatography is a biochemical technique that can separate drugs from blood, allowing researchers to detect and categorise different substances. The technique is widely used in biochemical analysis, separating multicomponent pharmaceutical formulations, and the cosmetic industry. Among other uses, it is a useful method for identifying natural products and examining the completion of reactions. Thin layer chromatography plates do not have a longer stationary phase, and hence, shorter separation times.
Among the many different types of chromatography, thin layer chromatography is the fastest, most versatile, and least expensive of all. Using a glass, aluminum, or plastic plate as the stationary phase, it separates nonvolatile mixtures by using capillary forces. As a result, different substances move at different rates. Thin layer chromatography is one of the most useful and versatile methods for drug analysis.
Column chromatography
In an experiment to determine if column chromatography can separate certain drugs from blood, five classes of steroids in methanol were injected into a HPLC system. The performance of each type of column was then evaluated. The sample composition of five steroid compounds was analyzed in the same way. The ten classes of drugs required for therapeutic drug monitoring were tested in the same way. All of the drugs except vancomycin were dissolved in water or tetrahydrofuran, while the mobile phase was a CH3COONH4 solution.
As the solution moves further along the column, it interacts with the more polar components of the mobile phase. As the solutions get less polar, the less polar compounds move to the bottom. As the liquid continues down the column, the compounds are separated by differential migration. The method has become widely used in clinical research. The advantages of column chromatography include the efficiency of the drug separation process. With proper design, this technique can separate drugs from blood in almost any clinical setting.
Solvent chromatography
There are several ways to isolate and analyze drugs in body fluids. For example, the method uses a liquid phase that is dissolved in the sample. A small amount of drugs is added to the sample, which is then dissolved in equal parts of water, alcohol, or ethyl acetate. This mixture is then put into a test tube or an evaporating dish. A piece of cotton is placed into the mixture and a medicine dropper is pressed into the cotton to draw a clear filtrate. This filtrate can then be used for further chromatographic applications.
Various types of inks have different properties and are soluble in varying amounts of solvent. When chromatography uses an ink-based system, the ink is placed on the chromatography paper and is moved up the filter paper by capillary action. Depending on the solubility of each component, it will bind to one or more of the solvent molecules, which will separate it into separate components.
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